To propagate a Balsam Fir, the most successful method is to grow it from seed, which is best harvested in late summer, stored in a cool, dry place, and then stratified before planting; you can also try propagating through cuttings taken in autumn, just before dormancy, while applying rooting hormone to increase the chances of root development; ensure to provide a well-drained, shaded environment for the young plant to thrive. 

Key points about propagating Balsam Fir:

Seed propagation: Collect seeds from mature cones in late summer. 

Store seeds in a cool, dry location.  Stratify seeds (expose them to cold temperatures) to promote germination.  Sow seeds in a seed starting mix in early spring. 

Cutting propagation: Take cuttings in autumn, just before the tree goes dormant. 

Choose softwood cuttings from the current year’s growth.  Dip the cut end in rooting hormone.  Plant cuttings in a moist, well-drained potting mix.  Place cuttings in a shaded area with high humidity. 

Important considerations:

Timing: Autumn is generally considered the best time to take cuttings for propagation. 

Location: Balsam Fir prefers a cool, moist climate and well-drained soil. 

Light requirements: Young seedlings need partial shade, while mature trees can tolerate more sun. 

Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist, especially during the initial rooting phase.