The easiest way to propagate bee balm is through division, where you dig up an established plant and separate its root ball into smaller sections, each with multiple shoots, to replant as new plants; you can also propagate bee balm by taking stem cuttings in the spring and rooting them in a pot with moist soil, though division is generally considered the simplest method.
Key points about propagating bee balm:
Best time for division: Early spring, when new growth is just emerging.
How to divide: Dig up the entire root ball of the plant.
Gently shake off excess soil. Use a sharp knife or pruning shears to cut the root ball into multiple sections, ensuring each section has several shoots and good root development. Replant the divisions immediately in prepared soil and water well.
Propagating with cuttings: Take softwood cuttings from the tips of new growth in spring.
Remove the lower leaves from the stem. Dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the cuttings in a pot with moist potting mix. Keep the cuttings in a warm, humid environment until roots develop.
Other points to consider:
Seed propagation: While possible, growing bee balm from seed can be less reliable than propagation by division or cuttings.
Regular division: To maintain a healthy plant, consider dividing your bee balm every few years.