To propagate Columbine, the most common method is by dividing mature plants in early spring or fall, carefully digging around the root system, separating the clumps with a sharp knife, and replanting each division with as much soil intact as possible; alternatively, you can sow seeds, but be aware that they might not produce plants true to the parent variety due to cross-pollination.
Key points about propagating Columbine:
Division is preferred: While Columbine can be grown from seed, dividing established plants is usually the best method as they can have deep roots making them difficult to lift and separate.
Timing for division: Perform division in early spring or fall when the plant is not actively blooming.
Dig carefully: When digging around the plant, ensure you get as much of the root system as possible without damaging it.
Separate the clumps: Use a sharp knife to carefully separate the root ball into multiple divisions, making sure each division has healthy roots and foliage.
Replant promptly: Immediately replant the divided sections in new locations, ensuring they are at the same soil level as the original plant.
If you choose to propagate from seed:
Collect seeds: Harvest seeds from mature plants in the late summer.
Stratification may be needed: Depending on your climate, you might need to cold-stratify the seeds (store them in a cool, moist environment) to improve germination.
Sow seeds: Plant seeds directly in the garden in early spring or start them indoors in pots.
Important considerations:
Cross-pollination: If you have multiple varieties of Columbine, be aware that they can cross-pollinate, so the seedlings might not be true to the parent plant.
Check your variety: Some Columbine varieties might be more difficult to divide than others.
Watering after division: Keep the newly divided plants well-watered until they are established.