Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) can be propagated from seeds or softwood cuttings, with seed propagation being the most common method, requiring stratification for dormancy release.
Propagation from Seed:
- Seed Collection: Collect ripe red berries in late summer or early fall.
- Stratification: For best germination, freshly collected seeds should be stratified (stored in a cool, moist environment) at around 40°F (4°C) for several months to break dormancy.
- Sowing: After stratification, sow the seeds in a well-drained, moist potting mix and keep the soil consistently moist.
- Germination: Expect germination in spring or early summer.
Propagation from Cuttings:
- Cuttings: Softwood cuttings taken from July through September can be rooted, but success can be variable.
- Rooting: Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone, plant in a moistened mixture of perlite and soilless mix, and maintain high humidity until roots develop.
- Transplanting: Once roots have developed, transplant the cutting to a larger pot or garden bed.
Tips for Success:
- Don’t let seeds dry out: Seeds lose viability quickly if allowed to dry out.
- Provide proper light: Spicebush can tolerate a range of light conditions, but in full sun, the growth will be denser and less vigorous but with better flowering and fruit production.
- Protect from cold: If sowing seeds outdoors in the fall, mulch the area to protect them from freezing temperatures.
- Consider layering: Spicebush can also be propagated by layering, either soil layering or air layering.
- Dioecious Plant: Spicebush is a dioecious plant, meaning that it has female and male flowers on separate plants. You’ll need both to produce fruit.
- Pruning: Moderation is key when pruning spicebush, never removing more than one-third of the foliage during a pruning session.