To propagate sweet peppers, the most common method is to take stem cuttings from a healthy plant, remove the lower leaves, dip the cut end in rooting hormone, and plant the cutting in a moist potting mix with good drainage, ensuring a warm and humid environment until roots develop; you can also propagate sweet peppers by saving seeds from mature peppers and planting them directly in soil. 

Key steps:

  • Select a healthy plant: Choose a vigorous, disease-free pepper plant with young, firm stems. 
  • Take cuttings: Use a sharp knife or pruning shears to cut 4-6 inch sections of stem just below a leaf node. 
  • Remove leaves: Remove the bottom leaves from the cutting, leaving a few leaves at the top. 
  • Apply rooting hormone: Dip the cut end of the stem into a rooting hormone powder or gel to stimulate root growth. 
  • Potting medium: Plant the cuttings in a pot filled with a well-draining seed-starting mix or a mix of peat moss and perlite. 
  • Planting depth: Bury the cutting deep enough to support it upright, ensuring the node with the remaining leaves is above the soil line. 

Environmental conditions:

  • Light: Provide bright, indirect light. 
  • Temperature: Maintain a warm temperature (around 65-70°F). 
  • Humidity: Keep the environment humid by misting regularly or covering the pot with a plastic bag. 
  • Watering: Keep the soil moist but not soggy. 
  • Transplanting: Once roots develop (usually within a few weeks), carefully transplant the young pepper plants into individual pots with regular potting mix. 

Alternative method: Propagating from seeds 

  • Collect seeds: Harvest ripe peppers from the plant, cut them open, and carefully remove the seeds.
  • Clean seeds: Rinse the seeds to remove any pulp residue.
  • Dry seeds: Spread the seeds on a paper towel to dry completely
  • Plant seeds: Sow the seeds in a seed-starting mix, covering them lightly with soil.